Posted by
Robert Bowden on Tuesday, September 02, 2008 10:00:00 AM
Over one hundred college and university presidents recently signed a document urging us to lower the minimum drinking age to 18. Other presidents have added their names to the list. They cite the problem of underage binge drinking, which apparently has reached crisis proportion on campuses around the nation. These presidents should know. They face the liability. And they believe our drinking laws are a big part of the problem.
I agree. We should lower the legal drinking age to 18.
The age of majority in this country – and in almost all other countries around the world – is 18. Majority is a legal term that means a person has entered adulthood. At 18, you are fully responsible for your actions and are entitled to majority control over your life. That’s how the law reads. There are instances where the age of majority is skewed down, such as the legal age to go hunting (12) or drive a car and get an abortion (16). And there are other instances where it is skewed up, as with the current legal drinking age (21) or the minimum age to be President of the United States (35). But aside from a few exceptions, the various rights and entitlements of adulthood are bestowed at 18.
An eighteen year-old is legally entitled to quit school, get married, buy a house, start a family, have an abortion, vote in an election, and purchase securities without needing anyone’s approval. Many 18 year olds get a full-time job and rent their own place. Some join the armed forces and die in combat. Others go to college.
It doesn’t make sense that we will give 18 year olds the right to marry and bring a child into the world – or abort a fetus if they choose – yet at the same time deny them champagne at their wedding. That position is difficult to defend. One is either sufficiently mature or not sufficiently mature enough for adulthood at 18. For consistency’s sake, we should pick an age and stick with it. Age 18 makes sense to me. And it makes sense to most other people in the world.
One cornerstone of democracy is that we do not limit human freedoms beyond necessity. Make a coherent case for limiting a person’s rights, or a group’s rights, and I’ll listen. But the reasons better be good. Maybe it could be argued that the age of majority should be raised to 21. No marriage, no parenting, no abortion rights, no voting rights, no other significant rights without parental approval until then. That position is consistent, even if it is ridiculous.
Laura Dean-Mooney, the national president of M.A.D.D., thinks the legal age should be left at 21. Claiming that the presidents are poorly informed, she cites data showing that alcohol-related traffic deaths among teens have declined since 1984, when the legal drinking age was raised from 18 to 21.
That’s very useful information, but it doesn’t help us answer the question about where to set the legal drinking age. Let’s assume that Dean-Mooney’s point is valid – namely, that as the legal drinking age goes up, the number of underage traffic deaths go down. That’s good news. We all prefer fewer alcohol-related traffic deaths. So what use should we make of the data she cites? Maybe commission another study to see how far the rate would drop if the legal drinking age was 25? 35? 55? After all, what’s so special about age 21? Or, if a decline in teen traffic deaths is our goal, why not raise the legal driving age to 21? As to which of these makes the most sense, Dean-Mooney doesn’t tell us.
It’s worth noting that most traffic deaths nationwide are alcohol related, both among teens and adults. The logic of Dean-Mooney’s argument suggests that we should ban alcohol consumption altogether. Traffic deaths most likely would drop among all age groups if this prohibition was enacted again. But that won’t happen, and she’s not suggesting that it should. We’re left wanting to know why 21 is the magic number.
Dean-Mooney also points out that most adults who abuse alcohol were also teen drinkers. That doesn’t surprise me. Her observation is true in the same sense that fat kids usually become obese adults and obnoxious classmates in middle school become obnoxious colleagues at work. I have some solutions for overweight and mean-spirited people, all of which are common-sensical, but they have nothing to do with the age of majority. To what extent must we nanny this deal?
Misguided arguments about the legal drinking age aren’t limited to M.A.D.D.
In a recent article in the Atlanta Journal Constitution, journalist Maureen Downey expresses her own sharp disagreement with the college and university presidents. She, too, thinks the legal age should be kept at 21, and she claims these school leaders are looking for an easy way out because they don’t want to challenge the powerful fraternities and sororities on their campuses, where the highest percentage of binge drinking occurs.
I agree with Downey that college presidents need tuition-paying students if they want to keep the doors open, particularly at private schools. As go the Greeks, so goes the budget. But so what? The question is not whether college presidents fear the Greek system or might benefit by a change in the law. The question is whether the law should be changed. Downey’s accusation doesn’t help us find an answer.
She also claims that if we lower the legal drinking age, we merely push the problem back onto high school principals. This statement doesn’t make sense. What alcohol abuse problem will teens have while at school between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m.?
I know that many high school students drink. They drink before and after ballgames. They drink at one another’s houses. They drink at weekend parties. They drink too often and too much, and I don’t like that fact. Rites of passage notwithstanding, too many young people are abusing alcohol. Adults are, too, and they’re doing it in alarming numbers.
But Downey believes that if we lower the legal age to 18, we merely throw the problem back into the principal’s lap. How so? Is she claiming that high school students will binge drink at school? Public high schools don’t board their students. There are no dorm rooms or frat houses. So where on campus will the binge drinking occur – in the locker room? . . . the SGA office? . . . a hallway near the janitor’s closet? I don’t think so. If some kid is crazy enough to throw a keg party on school property, won’t the administrators notice? Principals can suspend kids for bad behavior at school and send them home.
What Downey should have argued is that by lowering the legal age to 18, we would be throwing the problem of underage drinking back into the laps of parents. And if that happens, good! That’s where it should be thrown.
Parental influence is the best solution we have for this problem.
But that’s another issue.